357 lines
9.3 KiB
Markdown
357 lines
9.3 KiB
Markdown
# 简介
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libs/ecs 这是一个 Typescript 语言版的Entity-Component-System框架架。
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# 使用说明
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创建实体
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```Typescript
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ecs.getEntity<ecs.Entity>(ecs.Entity);
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```
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## 组件
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自定义组件必须继承ecs.Comp，并且需要使用ecs.register注册组件。
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```TypeScript
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@ecs.register('Hello')
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export class HelloComponent extends ecs.Comp {
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info: string;
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data: number;
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// 组件被回收前会调用这个方法。
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reset() {
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this.info = '';
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this.data = 0;
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}
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}
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```
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## ecs.register功能
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- 能通过```entity.Hello```获得组件对象；
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- 将组件的构造函数存入ecs上下文中，并且给该类组件分配一个组件id。
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## 实体
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为了能利用Typescript的类型提示机制，在使用实体的时候需要用户自己继承ecs.Entity。
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```TypeScript
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ecs.register('HelloEntity')
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export class HelloEntity extends ecs.Entity {
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Hello: HelloComponent; // 这里的Hello要和ecs.register中填入的参数一致
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}
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```
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- 管理子实体
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```TypeScript
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// 添加子实体
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entity.addChild(ecs.Entity);
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// 移除子实体
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entity.removeChild(ecs.Entity);
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```
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- 添加组件：
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```TypeScript
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entity.add(HelloComponent); // 添加组件时会优先从组件缓存池中获取无用的组件对象，如果没有才会新创建一个组件对象
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```
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- 添加组件对象：注意，外部创建的组件对象ecs系统不负责回收，需要用户自己管理该组件对象的声明周期。
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```Typescript
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let compObj = new HelloComponent();
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entity.add(compObj)
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```
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- 删除组件：
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```TypeScript
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entity.remove(HelloComponent); // 组件对象会从实体身上移除并放入组件缓存池中
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```
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- 删除组件但不删除组件对象身上：实际开发中，组件有很多属性，如果删除了后面再添加，属性值还原是个麻烦的问题，
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remove方法可以删除组件，但是不真正从实体身上移除该组件对象，这样下次重新添加组件时还是会添加那个组件对象。
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```Typescript
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entity.remove(HelloComponent, false)
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```
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- 获得组件对象
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```TypeScript
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entity.Hello; // 见上方自定义实体操作
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entity.get(HelloComponent);
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```
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- 判断是否拥有组件：
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```TypeScript
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entity.has(HelloComponent);
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!!entity.Hello;
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```
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- 销毁实体：
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```TypeScript
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entity.destroy() // 销毁实体时会先删除实体身上的所有组件，然后将实体放入实体缓存池中
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```
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## 实体筛选
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目前提供了四种类型的筛选能力，但是这四种筛选能力可以组合从而提供更强大的筛选功能。
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- anyOf: 用来描述包含任意一个这些组件的实体；
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- allOf: 用来；描述同时包含了这些组件的实体
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- onlyOf: 用来描述只包含了这些组件的实体；不是特殊情况不建议使用onlyOf，因为onlyOf会监听所有组件的添加和删除事件；
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- excludeOf: 表示不包含所有这里面的组件（与关系）；
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使用方式：
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- 表示同时拥有多个组件
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```TypeScript
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ecs.allOf(AComponent, BComponent, CComponent);
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```
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- 表示拥有任意一个组件
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```Typescript
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ecs.anyOf(AComponent, BComponent);
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```
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- 表示拥有某些组件，并且不包含某些组件
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```Typescript
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// 不包含CComponent或者DComponent
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ecs.allOf(AComponent, BComponent).excludeOf(CComponent, DComponent);
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// 不同时包含CComponent和DComponent
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ecs.allOf(AComponent, BComponent).excludeOf(CComponent).excludeOf(DComponent);
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```
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### 直接查询并获得实体
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```Typescript
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ecs.query(ecs.allOf(Comp1, Comp2))
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```
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## 系统
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- ecs.System: 用来组合某一功能所包含的System；
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- ecs.RootSystem: System的root；
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- ecs.ComblockSystem: 抽象类，组合式的System。默认情况，如果该System有实体，则每帧都会执行update方法；
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- ecs.IEntityEnterSystem: 实现这个接口表示关注实体的首次进入；
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- ecs.IEntityRemoveSystem: 实现这个接口表示关注实体的移除；
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- ecs.ISystemFirstUpdate: 实现这个接口会在System第一次执行update前执行一次firstUpdate
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- ecs.ISystemUpdate:实现这个接口会在System中每帧出发update方法
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# 怎么使用
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1、声明组件
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```TypeScript
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@ecs.register('Node')
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export class NodeComponent extends ecs.Comp {
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val: cc.Node = null;
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reset() {
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this.val = null;
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}
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}
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@ecs.reigster('Move')
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export class MoveComponent extends ecs.Comp {
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heading: cc.Vec2 = cc.v2();
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speed: number = 0;
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reset() {
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this.heading.x = 0;
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this.heading.y = 0;
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this.speed = 0;
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}
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}
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@ecs.register('Transform')
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export class TransformComponent extends ecs.Comp {
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position: cc.Vec2 = cc.v2();
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angle: number;
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reset() {
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}
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}
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export class AvatarEntity extends ecs.Entity {
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Node: NodeComponent;
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Move: MoveComponent;
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Transform: TransformComponent;
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}
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```
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2、创建系统
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```TypeScript
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export class RoomSystem extends ecs.RootSystem {
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constructor() {
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super();
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this.add(new MoveSystem());
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this.add(new RenderSystem());
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}
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}
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export class MoveSystem extends ecs.ComblockSystem<AvatarEntity> implements ecs.IEntityEnterSystem, ecs.ISystemUpdate {
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init() {
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}
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filter(): ecs.IMatcher {
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return ecs.allOf(MoveComponent, TransformComponent);
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}
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// 实体第一次进入MoveSystem会进入此方法
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entityEnter(e: AvatarEntity) {
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e.Move.speed = 100;
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}
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// 每帧都会更新
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update(e: AvatarEntity) {
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let moveComp = e.Move; // e.get(MoveComponent);
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lel position = e.Transform.position;
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position.x += moveComp.heading.x * moveComp.speed * this.dt;
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position.y += moveComp.heading.y * moveComp.speed * this.dt;
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e.Transform.angle = cc.misc.lerp(e.Transform.angle, Math.atan2(moveComp.speed.y, moveComp.speed.x) * cc.macro.DEG, dt);
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}
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}
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export class RenderSystem extends ecs.ComblockSystem<AvatarEntity> implements ecs.IEntityEnterSystem, ecs.IEntityRemoveSystem, ecs.ISystemUpdate {
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filter(): ecs.IMatcher {
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return ecs.allOf(NodeComponent, TransformComponent);
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}
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// 实体第一次进入MoveSystem会进入此方法
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entityEnter(e: AvatarEntity) {
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e.Node.val.active = true;
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}
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entityRemove(e: AvatarEntity) {
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}
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update(e: AvatarEntity) {
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e.Node.val.setPosition(e.Transform.position);
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e.Node.val.angle = e.Transform.angle;
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}
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}
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```
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3、驱动ecs框架
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```TypeScript
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const { ccclass, property } = cc._decorator;
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@ccclass
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export class GameControllerBehaviour extends Component {
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rootSystem: RootSystem = null;
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onLoad() {
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this.rootSystem = new RootSystem();
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this.rootSystem.init();
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}
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createAvatar(node: cc.Node) {
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let entity = ecs.createEntityWithComps<AvatarEntity>(NodeComponent, TransformComponent, MoveComponent);
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entity.Node.val = node;
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}
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update(dt: number) {
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this.rootSystem.execute(dt);
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}
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}
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```
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# 和Cocos Creator的组件混合使用
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## 创建基类
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```Typescript
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import { Component, _decorator } from "cc";
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import { ecs } from "../../../Libs/ECS";
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const { ccclass, property } = _decorator;
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@ccclass('CCComp')
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export abstract class CCComp extends Component implements ecs.IComp {
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static tid: number = -1;
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static compName: string;
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canRecycle: boolean;
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ent: ecs.Entity;
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onLoad() {
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this.ent = ecs.createEntity();
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this.ent.add(this);
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}
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abstract reset(): void;
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}
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```
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## 创建ecs组件并且赋予序列化的功能，这样就能在Cocos Creator的“属性检查器”上修改参数
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```Typescript
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import { _decorator, toDegree, v3, Node, Vec3 } from "cc";
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import { ecs } from "../../../Libs/ECS";
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const { ccclass, property } = _decorator;
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let outV3 = v3();
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@ccclass('MovementComponent')
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@ecs.register('Movement')
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export class MovementComponent extends CCComp {
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pos: Vec3 = v3();
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angle: number = 0;
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speed: number = 0;
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@property
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acceleration: number = 0;
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@property
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private _maxSpeed: number = 0;
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@property
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set maxSpeed(val: number) {
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this._maxSpeed = val;
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}
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get maxSpeed() {
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return this._maxSpeed;
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}
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@property
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heading: Vec3 = v3();
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@property
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targetHeading: Vec3 = v3();
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reset() {
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}
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update(dt: number) {
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if(!Vec3.equals(this.heading, this.targetHeading, 0.01)) {
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Vec3.subtract(outV3, this.targetHeading, this.heading);
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outV3.multiplyScalar(0.025);
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this.heading.add(outV3);
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this.heading.normalize();
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this.angle = toDegree(Math.atan2(this.heading.y, this.heading.x)) - 90;
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}
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this.speed = Math.min(this.speed + this.acceleration * dt, this._maxSpeed);
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this.pos.add3f(this.heading.x * this.speed * dt, this.heading.y * this.speed * dt, 0);
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}
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calcAngle() {
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this.angle = toDegree(Math.atan2(this.heading.y, this.heading.x)) - 90;
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return this.angle;
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}
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}
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```
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## 创建面向Cocos Creator的组件
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```Typescript
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import { Component, _decorator } from "cc";
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const { ccclass, property } = _decorator;
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@ccclass('Player')
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@ecs.register('Player', false)
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export class Player extends CCComp {
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@property({
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type: MovementComponent
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})
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movement: MovementComponent;
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onLoad() {
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super.onLoad();
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// 添加MovementComponent组件对象
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this.ent.add(this.movement);
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}
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}
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```
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# 调试
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添加如下代码
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```TypeScript
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windows['ecs'] = ecs; |