7abea390ad
- Support for single record deployment - Batch deployment from JSON config - Service quick deployment (Web/API/CDN) - .env file support for secure credentials - Complete documentation
181 lines
4.0 KiB
Markdown
181 lines
4.0 KiB
Markdown
# 腾讯云API认证说明
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## 概述
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DNSPod API使用腾讯云统一的API v3签名算法,基于HMAC-SHA256进行请求签名认证。
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## 获取密钥
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### 1. 访问API密钥管理页面
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https://console.cloud.tencent.com/cam/capi
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### 2. 创建密钥
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- 点击「新建密钥」或「访问密钥」
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- 系统生成 `SecretId` 和 `SecretKey`
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### 3. 保存密钥
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⚠️ **重要:** SecretKey只在创建时显示一次,请妥善保存!
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### 4. 设置环境变量
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**Linux/Mac (Bash/Zsh):**
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```bash
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# 添加到 ~/.bashrc 或 ~/.zshrc
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export TENCENT_SECRET_ID="你的SecretId"
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export TENCENT_SECRET_KEY="你的SecretKey"
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# 重新加载配置
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source ~/.bashrc # 或 source ~/.zshrc
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```
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**Windows (PowerShell):**
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```powershell
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# 添加到环境变量
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[System.Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable('TENCENT_SECRET_ID', '你的SecretId', 'User')
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[System.Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable('TENCENT_SECRET_KEY', '你的SecretKey', 'User')
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# 临时设置(当前会话有效)
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$env:TENCENT_SECRET_ID="你的SecretId"
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$env:TENCENT_SECRET_KEY="你的SecretKey"
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```
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**验证环境变量:**
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```bash
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# Linux/Mac
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echo $TENCENT_SECRET_ID
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# Windows PowerShell
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echo $env:TENCENT_SECRET_ID
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```
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## 签名算法详解
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### 1. 构造规范请求串
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**格式:**
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```
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HTTPRequestMethod + '\n' +
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CanonicalURI + '\n' +
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CanonicalQueryString + '\n' +
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CanonicalHeaders + '\n' +
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SignedHeaders + '\n' +
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HexEncode(Hash(RequestPayload))
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```
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**示例:**
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```
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POST
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/
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content-type:application/json
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host:dnspod.tencentcloudapi.com
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content-type;host
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356f92b5d0373084a2bc07df8267b0ab
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```
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### 2. 构造待签名字符串
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**格式:**
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```
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Algorithm + '\n' +
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RequestTimestamp + '\n' +
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CredentialScope + '\n' +
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HexEncode(Hash(CanonicalRequest))
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```
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**示例:**
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```
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TC3-HMAC-SHA256
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1666666666
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2021-03-23/dnspod/tc3_request
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5c9d88e6d4c4d4c4d4c4d4c4d4c4d4c4d4c4d4c4d4c4d4c4d4c4d4c4d4c4d
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```
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### 3. 计算签名
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使用 HMAC-SHA256 算法分三次计算:
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```python
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secret_date = HMAC_SHA256("TC3" + SecretKey, Date)
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secret_service = HMAC_SHA256(secret_date, Service)
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secret_signing = HMAC_SHA256(secret_service, "tc3_request")
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signature = HMAC_SHA256(secret_signing, StringToSign)
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```
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### 4. 构造Authorization头
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**格式:**
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```
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Algorithm Credential={SecretId}/{CredentialScope}, SignedHeaders={SignedHeaders}, Signature={Signature}
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```
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**示例:**
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```
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TC3-HMAC-SHA256 Credential=AKIDxxxxxxxx/2021-03-23/dnspod/tc3_request, SignedHeaders=content-type;host, Signature=5c9d88e6d4c4d4c4d4c4d4c4d4c4d4c4d4c4d4c4d4c4d4c4d4c4d4c4d4c4d
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```
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## 完整请求示例
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### 请求头
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```http
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POST / HTTP/1.1
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Host: dnspod.tencentcloudapi.com
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Content-Type: application/json
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Authorization: TC3-HMAC-SHA256 Credential=AKIDxxxxxxxx/2021-03-23/dnspod/tc3_request, SignedHeaders=content-type;host, Signature=xxxxxxxx
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X-TC-Action: DescribeRecordList
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X-TC-Timestamp: 1666666666
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X-TC-Version: 2021-03-23
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X-TC-Region: ap-guangzhou
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```
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### 请求体
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```json
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{
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"Domain": "example.com"
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}
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```
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## 请求参数说明
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| 参数 | 说明 | 示例 |
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|------|------|------|
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| X-TC-Action | 操作名称 | CreateRecord |
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| X-TC-Version | API版本 | 2021-03-23 |
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| X-TC-Timestamp | 时间戳(秒) | 1666666666 |
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| X-TC-Region | 地域 | ap-guangzhou |
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| Authorization | 签名信息 | 见上文 |
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## 地域说明
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DNSPod API支持的地域:
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- **ap-guangzhou** (广州,推荐)
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- **ap-shanghai** (上海)
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- **ap-beijing** (北京)
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- **ap-chengdu** (成都)
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建议选择就近地域以降低延迟。
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## 安全建议
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### 1. 密钥安全
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- ⚠️ 不要将密钥硬编码在代码中
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- ⚠️ 不要在Git仓库中提交密钥
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- ✓ 使用环境变量或配置文件
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- ✓ 定期轮换密钥
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### 2. 权限管理
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- 为不同应用创建独立的子账号
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- 只授予必要的权限(最小权限原则)
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- 定期审计密钥使用情况
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### 3. IP白名单
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- 在腾讯云访问管理(CAM)中设置IP白名单
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- 限制只有特定IP才能调用API
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## 参考文档
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- **API签名文档:** https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/1427/56152
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- **访问管理(CAM):** https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/598
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- **SDK示例:** https://cloud.tencent.com/document/sdk
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